Xingjuan Chen 1,2, Ruiyuan Cao 2,* and Wu Zhong 2,* 1 Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China; xjchen@nwpu.edu.cn 2 National Engineering Research Center for the Emergency Drug, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China * Correspondence: 21cc@163.com (R.C.); zhongwu@bmi.ac.cn (W.Z.) Received: 11 December 2019; Accepted: 24 December 2019; Published: […]
Yubin Zhoua, Teryl K. Freyb,*, and Jenny J. Yanga,** aDepartment of Chemistry, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur St., Atlanta, GA 30303 USA bDepartment of Biology, Georgia State University, 50 Decatur St., Atlanta, GA 30303 USA Abstract Ca2+ is one of the most universal and versatile signalling molecules and is involved in almost every aspect […]
Vineet D. Menachery1, Boyd L. Yount Jr1, Kari Debbink1,2, Sudhakar Agnihothram3, Lisa E. Gralinski1, Jessica A. Plante1, Rachel L. Graham1, Trevor Scobey1, Xing-Yi Ge8, Eric F. Donaldson1, Scott H. Randell4,5, Antonio Lanzavecchia6, Wayne A. Marasco7, Zhengli-Li Shi8, and Ralph S. Baric1, Abstract The emergence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East […]
Viruses originate from RNAs. The sugar in RNA is ribose sugar and is the phosphates based, and they react in the nucleotides to form an ester bond. While not inside a cell or in the process of cell infection, viruses exist as an independent particle known as virions or virus particles. The way the virus […]
Matthew G. Drake1*, Elizabeth R. Bivins-Smith1*, Becky J. Proskocil1, Zhenying Nie1, Gregory D. Scott2, James J. Lee3,Nancy A. Lee4, Allison D. Fryer1, and David B. Jacoby1 Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon; 3 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, and 4 Department of […]